Ensiklopeda of Journal mendorong seluruh ahli hukum, sosial, politik, bahasa, Ilmu Komputer, dan ilmu pendidikan untuk turut berkontribusi melalui artikel dan/atau book review. Ensiklopeda of Journal terbit tiap 1 Kali per 3 bulan, dalam satu volume, yakni di bulan Januari, April, Juli, dan Oktober. Ensiklopeda of Journal dikelola dan diterbitkan secara daring. P-ISSN : 2622-9110 E-ISSN : 2654-8399
Lembaga Penelitian dan Penerbitan Hasil Penelitian Ensiklopedia
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PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEGAGAN (CENTELLA ASIATICA L.) DALAM PEMBUATAN KOSMETIK FACE MIST UNTUK KULIT WAJAH KERING
Dry skin occurs when the outermost layer of skin loses its moisture, resulting in roughness, itching, and cracking. Face mist is a cosmetic preparation formulated for dry skin types and is useful for increasing the hydration of the skin's outer layer. Gotu kola (Centella asiatica L.) contains various active compounds beneficial for dry skin, such as flavonoids as antioxidants and moisturizers, vitamin C which can help brighten dull skin, asiaticoside which stimulates collagen production, madecassoside which maintains skin moisture, asiatic acid which has antioxidant effects, and madecassic acid which increases the skin's natural ceramide production. This research endeavors to formulate a face mist utilizing Centella asiatica (gotu kola) leaf extract, tailored for individuals with dry skin. A descriptive quantitative method was employed, integrating an experimental design. The extraction of gotu kola leaves was executed via maceration using 96% ethanol as the solvent.Three variations of concentrations were formulated: F1 (1%), F2 (1.5%), and F3 (2%). Physical properties were assessed through laboratory tests, examining vitamin C levels, uniformity, pH balance, spreadability, and drying time.Organoleptic evaluations—covering texture, color, and scent—were conducted, alongside hedonic assessments to gauge panelist preferences.Results confirmed the mist contained vitamin C, exhibited homogeneity, had a standard pH range (4.5–6.5), showed effective spreadability, and dried in under five minutes.Among the tested formulas, F2 emerged as the most favored based on sensory and preference tests.Consequently, gotu kola extract demonstrates strong potential as an active component in face mist products designed for dry skin care. Keywords: gotu kola leaf, face mist, dry skin, cosmetics
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN POLDER DAN KOLAM RETENSI PADA KAWASAN TANJUNG SENAI KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
This study aims to analyze flood discharge characteristics based on hydrological data and to assess the effectiveness of implementing a polder and retention pond system for flood control. The research methods include hydrological analysis using maximum annual rainfall data (2010–2023) from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), frequency and distribution analysis (Normal, Log Normal, Gumbel, and Log Pearson Type III), distribution suitability testing, rainfall intensity calculations using the Mononobe formula, and determining the planned discharge using the rational method. The analysis results indicate that the rainfall data conforms to a normal distribution with a mean of 469.43 mm and a standard deviation of 93.44 mm. The planned discharge for a 50-year return period is 0.70 m³/s. The planned capacity of the polder and retention pond is sufficient to accommodate this discharge, thus this system is considered effective in reducing flood risk in the study area Keywords: Polder, Retention Pond, Flood, Hydrology, Tanjung Senai
PENGARUH KONSUMSI REBUSAN TELUR AYAM RAS TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PERINEUM PADA IBU POSTPARTUM DI NAGARI SUNGAI RUMBAI TIMUR
Perineal wounds are tears that occur during childbirth, either spontaneously or with the use of instruments or procedures. Proper care of perineal tissue wounds is essential to prevent infection. Protein intake greatly influences the healing process of perineal wounds. The nutritional content of eggs includes more than 90% calcium and iron; one egg contains 6 grams of high-quality protein and 9 essential amino acids. High-protein foods can be obtained from chicken eggs, which contain 12.58 grams of protein. Poor wound care can lead to complications such as urinary tract infections or genital tract infections. The purpose of this study was to determine whether boiled chicken egg consumption has an effect on perineal wound healing in postpartum mothers. This study used a true experimental design with a two-group posttest-only method. The population consisted of 47, with a total sample of 20 postpartum mothers with second-degree perineal wounds, selected through purposive sampling. The study was conducted over 7 days. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney U Test because the data distribution was not normal. The results showed a p-value = 0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in perineal wound healing time between the intervention and control groups. The effectiveness of chicken eggs, which contain high-quality protein and essential amino acids, can accelerate tissue repair within 7 days. In conclusion, the frequency distribution of perineal wound healing after consuming boiled eggs shows an accelerated healing process, with wounds drying faster, stitches closing more quickly, and pain decreasing compared to the group that did not consume boiled eggs. Keywords: Perineal Wounds, Postpartum, Protein, Chicken Eggs
PACU JALUR: DARI PACU PERAHU LOKAL HINGGA SALAH SATU PARIWISATA TERPOPULER DI INDONESIA
This article examines the history and development of Pacu Jalur, a traditional longboat racing event on the Kuantan River in Kuantan Singingi Regency. Originally, these boats served as means of transportation, but over time, they evolved into a competitive event featured in a national cultural festival. The study also highlights the enthusiasm of the local community involved in Pacu Jalur, as the event is not only compelling as a spectacle but has also become an integral part of daily life. The research employs historical methods through the stages of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography, utilizing various sources including newspapers, books, academic articles, and interviews with local residents. The findings indicate that Pacu Jalur developed from a simple local tradition, gradually attracting governmental attention in the 1980s, transforming into a widely celebrated people’s festival, becoming part of Riau’s tourism program, and eventually being recognized as an intangible cultural heritage and incorporated into the Karisma Event Nusantara (KEN) by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy. Moreover, the enduring popularity of Pacu Jalur is inseparable from the collective enthusiasm of the community, which has been crucial to sustaining the tradition from past to present. Thus, Pacu Jalur serves not only as a cultural symbol but also as a space of communal togetherness and a marker of collective identity for the people of Kuantan Singingi. Keywords: Pacu Jalur, Taluk Kuantan, local history.
PERBANDINGAN POTENSI TANAH EKSPANSIF BERDASARKAN HASIL PENGUJIAN 1-D FREE SWELL DAN CBR RENDAMAN LABORATORIUM
Tanah ekspansif memiliki potensi perubahan volume yang signifikan akibat perubahan kadar air, sehingga memerlukan identifikasi karakteristik pengembangannya. Penelitian ini membandingkan potensi pengembangan tanah ekspansif menggunakan metode 1-D Free Swell Test (SNI 6424:2008) dan metode CBR rendaman (SNI 1744:2012). Sampel tanah dibuat dengan variasi komposisi bentonit sebesar 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, dan 100% dari berat kering tanah. Hasil pengujian 1-D Free Swell menunjukkan nilai pengembangan berkisar antara 2,91% hingga 3,14%, yang berdasarkan klasifikasi Chen (1988) termasuk kategori rendah hingga sedang. Pada pengujian CBR rendaman, nilai indeks pengembangan berkisar 2,34% hingga 3,04%, dengan kategori sedang hingga tinggi menurut Look (2016). Perbandingan hasil menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pada nilai dan klasifikasi potensi pengembangan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pemilihan metode yang sesuai dengan tujuan evaluasi, baik untuk menilai pengembangan bebas secara vertikal maupun pengembangan dengan pembebanan lateral. Kata kunci: Tanah ekspansif, Bentonit, 1-D Free Swell Test, CBR rendaman, Potensi pengembangan.
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN KULAN KAMPAK KOTA PANGKALPINANG (BANGUNAN BAWAH DAN BANGUNAN ATAS)
The Kulan Kampak Bridge in Pangkalpinang City is planned to replace an old community-built bridge that no longer meets the increasing demands of traffic flow, regional connectivity, and access to key destinations such as the University of Bangka Belitung and local tourism areas. This study aims to analyze the design of the bridge’s superstructure, substructure, and foundation in accordance with technical standards SNI 1725:2016, SNI 2833:2016, and Bina Marga guidelines. The methodology includes field data collection, literature review, load calculation, structural analysis, and design verification for strength, stability, and safety. The superstructure is designed using reinforced concrete T-girders with a total width of 7 m, while the substructure consists of a wall-type abutment. The foundation employs pile foundations based on cone penetration test (CPT) data, with hard soil layers found at depths of 10–14 m. The calculation results indicate that all structural elements meet the required strength, stability, and 50-year design life. This research produces a technical design that can serve as a reference for bridge construction, expected to improve connectivity, support economic activities, and enhance sustainable transportation in Pangkalpinang City. Keywords : Bridge Design, Superstructure, Substructure, Pile Foundation
ANALISIS KINERJA PUTAR BALIK (U-TURN) (STUDI KASUS PUTAR BALIK (U- TURN) DI DEPAN RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT DR. MOHAMMAD HOSEIN (RSMH) YANG TERLETAK DI JALAN JENDRAL SUDIRMAN
The rapid growth of motorized vehicles in Palembang City has significantly impacted traffic congestion, particularly at the U-Turn facility in front of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital (RSMH) on Jendral Sudirman Street. This study aims to analyze the performance of the U-Turn at this location through field surveys and secondary data analysis. Primary data include traffic volume, vehicle speed, queue length, and side friction, while secondary data were obtained from relevant institutions. The analysis results show that the degree of saturation (DS) reached 1.32 for the RSMH direction and 1.27 for the LIA direction, both exceeding the PKJI 2023 recommended limit (DS ≤ 1.0). The level of service (LOS) was classified as F, with the lowest average speed of 12.11 km/h and a queue length of up to 78 meters during the Monday morning peak hour. The main factors contributing to the performance decline include high vehicle volumes, side friction from illegal parking and drop-off activities, and limited median width. These findings highlight the need for traffic management interventions such as controlling side friction, widening the median, or implementing signalized U-Turns to improve traffic flow efficiency. Keywords: traffic performance, U-Turn, degree of saturation, queue length, level of service
ANALISIS STRUKTUR PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG PERKULIAHAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA
The construction of a safe, efficient, and technically compliant lecture building is essential to support academic activities in higher education institutions. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the structural performance of the Lecture Building for the Fisheries Department and the Department of Animal Technology and Industry at the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, in accordance with SNI 1726:2019 standards. The analysis was conducted using ETABS software version 22.4.0 to model the building structure. The results indicate that the building meets the criteria of SNI 1726:2019, with inter-story drifts of 10 mm in the X direction and 11 mm in the Y direction, both well below the allowable limit of 80 mm. Structural components such as the 25x40 cm footing with 6 D16 reinforcements, the 45x45 cm column K2 with 20 D19 reinforcements, and the 30x60 cm beam B1 with 10 D16 reinforcements are capable of supporting the factored loads without requiring reinforcement. Thus, the building structure is safe and complies with applicable technical standards based on the ETABS analysis. Keywords: ETABS, SNI 1726:2019, Building Structural Analysis, Dynamic Earthquake Analysis.
ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PADA PT. GEMA SUNGAI MUSI (TAHUN 2019-2024)
This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Gema Sungai Musi using financial ratios, consisting of liquidity, solvency, profitability, activity, and profitability ratios. The data used are the company's financial statements for the 2019–2024 period, using a quantitative descriptive approach. The results indicate that the company's liquidity ratios are quite good, as the Current Ratio and Quick Ratio are above the minimum standard. The solvency ratios indicate a relatively controlled debt ratio, with an average Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) of <100%. The profitability and profitability ratios demonstrate the company's ability to generate profits despite year-to-year fluctuations. Meanwhile, the activity ratios indicate the company's relatively stable level of asset management efficiency. Overall, PT. Gema Sungai Musi's financial condition is considered healthy, although improvements are needed to improve asset utilization efficiency and profitability. Keywords: Financial statement analysis, Financial ratios, Financial performance, PT. Gema Sungai Musi
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI BAHAN BETON RINGAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
This study aims to examine the effect of utilizing plastic waste as an additive material in lightweight concrete on the compressive strength of the concrete. The testing was conducted with variations in the percentage of plastic waste at 5%, 10%, and 15% in the concrete mix, then compared to normal concrete without plastic waste. The results showed that the highest compressive strength was obtained in the mix with 5% plastic waste, reaching 29.09 MPa, which is slightly higher than the normal concrete with a compressive strength of 28.24 MPa at 28 days of age. At 10% and 15% plastic waste, the compressive strengths were 28.45 MPa and 28.03 MPa respectively, indicating a decrease compared to the 5% mix. These data suggest that the addition of plastic waste does not consistently improve the quality of concrete, so the optimal percentage must be carefully determined to avoid reducing the concrete’s strength. This study illustrates that the utilization of plastic waste as an additive in lightweight concrete can enhance compressive strength at certain levels, but excessive use may negatively affect the concrete’s performance. Keywords: Plastic Waste, Environmentally Friendly Lightweight Concrete
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN POLA MAKAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KADAR GULA DARAH PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS PEKAUMAN BANJARMASIN
Abstract: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease closely related to lifestyle, including dietary habits and physical activity. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels can lead to serious complications if not managed properly. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary intake and physical activity with blood glucose levels among T2DM patients at Pekauman Health Center, Banjarmasin. This research employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all T2DM patients actively registered in the working area of Pekauman Health Center, Banjarmasin, within the last three months, totaling 539 individuals. A sample of 84 T2DM patients was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Research instruments included dietary intake and physical activity questionnaires, as well as blood glucose data obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test to determine the relationship between variables. The results showed that most respondents had a sufficient dietary intake (58.3%) and low physical activity (55.9%). Meanwhile, the majority of respondents’ blood glucose levels were in the diabetes category (61.9%). The Spearman test revealed a significant relationship between dietary intake and blood glucose levels (p = 0.000; r = 0.466), as well as between physical activity and blood glucose levels (p = 0.000; r = 0.578). It is concluded that imbalanced dietary intake and low physical activity contribute to high blood glucose levels in T2DM patients. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, Blood Glucose Levels.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FILLER ABU SERABUT KELAPA TERHADAP STABILITAS DAN KEPADATAN PADA ASPAL AC-WC NR
This study aims to analyze the effect of using coconut fiber ash as a filler on the stability and density of AC-WC type asphalt mixtures using SIR 20 rubber asphalt. The abundant and underutilized coconut fiber waste encourages this research as an innovation for alternative filler materials in road pavement mixtures. The method used is a laboratory experiment with variations in coconut fiber ash content of 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of the total filler. Each variation was tested using the Marshall method to assess stability, flow, VIM, VMA, VFA, and Marshall Quotient (MQ). The results show that the addition of coconut fiber ash influences the improvement of the mixture's stability and density. The optimum variation was obtained at a certain filler content that provided the best balance between high stability, appropriate flow, and VIM and VFA values within the Bina Marga specifications. Therefore, coconut fiber ash has the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly and economical alternative filler in road pavement construction. Keywords: Coconut fiber ash, AC-WC, filler, stability, density, Marshall.
PERBANDINGAN DISTRIBUSI UKURAN BUTIRAN TANAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE KERING (DRY SIEVING) DAN BASAH (WET SIEVING)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan distribusi ukuran butiran tanah yang diperoleh melalui metode pengayakan kering (dry sieving) dan pengayakan basah (wet sieving). Pengujian dilakukan pada tiga sampel tanah berjenis clay yang diambil dari lokasi berbeda. Metode dry sieving dilakukan tanpa perlakuan pencucian sehingga seluruh fraksi butiran, termasuk partikel halus, tetap terukur. Sebaliknya, metode wet sieving menggunakan pencucian dengan air sehingga partikel halus (<0,075 mm) terbilas dan terpisah dari sampel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa metode dry sieving menghasilkan persentase fraksi halus yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan wet sieving. Perbedaan ini disebabkan oleh hilangnya partikel lanau dan lempung pada proses wet sieving. Parameter gradasi yang dihitung, seperti koefisien uniformitas (Cu) dan koefisien kelengkungan (Cc), menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar sampel tergolong pasir bergradasi baik (well graded sand) dengan kandungan fraksi halus rendah. Perbedaan distribusi ukuran butiran antara kedua metode memiliki implikasi penting terhadap interpretasi sifat fisik dan mekanik tanah, terutama terkait permeabilitas dan sifat kohesi. Kata Kunci: Distribusi ukuran butiran, dry sieving, wet sieving, gradasi tanah, sifat fisik tanah
ANALISIS CAMPURAN ASPAL AC-WC PG 76 DENGAN ADDITIONAL FILLER ABU BAMBU TERHADAP FLEKSIBILITAS DAN DURABILITAS
Highways are an essential land transportation infrastructure, and the quality of pavement must be maintained to ensure performance and service life. One effort to improve the quality of flexible pavement on the Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) layer is by utilizing alternative materials as filler. This study examines the effect of adding bamboo ash as an additional filler in AC-WC mixtures with PG 76 asphalt on flexibility (flow) and durability (Marshall Retained Stability). Bamboo ash contains silica (SiO₂) and exhibits pozzolanic properties, which have the potential to enhance mixture performance. The bamboo ash content variations used were 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by the total aggregate weight, with testing conducted using the Marshall Test method. The results showed that the addition of 0.5% bamboo ash increased the flow value from 3.32 mm to 3.52 mm, while further additions above this level did not result in additional flexibility improvement. All mixture variations had Marshall Retained Stability values above the minimum requirement of PU Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2 (≥90%), with the highest value recorded at 0.5% (91.47%). Based on the balance between flexibility and durability, the optimal bamboo ash filler content for AC-WC PG 76 is 0.5%. Keywords : AC-WC, bamboo ash, PG 76 asphalt, flexibility, durability, Marshall Test.
PENGARUH PEMADATAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KUAT GESER TANAH LEMPUNG EKSPANSIF
Soil is one of the primary materials in construction, serving as the medium that supports the loads of buildings and other infrastructure. The stability of the structures built on it greatly depends on the physical and mechan- ical properties of the subgrade soil. However, not all soils possess characteristics that are ideal for construc- tion. One type of soil that often poses technical problems is expansive clay. This soil is known for its tendency to swell when wet and shrink when dry due to its high content of active clay minerals. Not all soils are suitable for use in construction, as some subgrade types have issues related to both bearing capacity and settlement (Lestari & Lestari, 2014). Therefore, expansive clay requires special treatment before it can be used as a construction medium. One common technique for improving soil properties is compaction (Diana et al., 2022). Compaction is carried out to increase the dry unit weight of the soil, reduce porosity, improve bearing capac- ity, and minimize the potential for volume change due to variations in water content. In general, compaction alters several soil characteristics, such as dry density, void ratio, shear strength parameters, and soil volume (Lubis, 2007). Through compaction, it is expected that the soil will become more stable both structurally and mechanically. To determine the optimal compaction condition, a laboratory test known as the Standard Proctor Test is conducted. On the other hand, to assess the extent of improvement in the mechanical properties of soil after compaction, a shear strength test such as the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) is used. UCT is a simple method for measuring the strength of cohesive soils without the application of confining pressure. Shear strength is the soil's ability to resist shear stress when subjected to loading (Agustina & Elfrida, 2019). Through this test, the value of Unconfined Compressive Strength (qu) can be obtained, which can then be used to determine the undrained shear strength (su) of the soil. The combination of the Standard Proctor Test and the Unconfined Compression Test becomes essential in analyzing the relationship between compaction level and the shear strength characteristics of expansive clay. Water content during compaction plays an important role in determining the values of unconfined compressive strength and shear strength. Expansive clay samples compacted at optimum moisture content (OMC) using the Standard Proctor method yield the highest compres- sive and shear strength values (Yunus & Annisa, 2023). Keywords: Compaction, Shear Strength, Expansive Clay Soil, Water Content
PENGARUH PERAWATAN PIJAT OKETANI TERHADAP KELANCARAN ASI PADA IBU POSTPARTUM DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI RUMBAI
Oketani massage is a breast treatment first popularized by Sotomi Oketani from Japan and has been implemented in several countries including Japan, Korea and India. Sotomi explained that breastfeeding can increase the closeness between mother and baby. Oketani massage aims to increase the smoothness of breast milk production and is one way to stimulate the pectoral muscles of the breast which makes the breasts elastic. This study aims to determine the effect of breast care with the Oketani massage technique on the smoothness of breast milk in postpartum mothers in the working area of the Sungai Rumbai Community Health Center. The study was conducted in May 2025 using a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pre-Test Post-Test design. The sample consisted of 10 postpartum mothers who experienced problems in breast milk production. The results of the analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.004 (p <0.05), which means there is a significant effect between before and after Oketani massage. Before the intervention, 80% of respondents experienced irregular breast milk production, while after the intervention, all respondents showed smoothness. This study revealed that the most effective Oketani massage is done 2-5 times per day with the intensity of Oketani massage regularly for 3 days because in the first three days postpartum breast milk has not come out due to the lack of stimulation of the hormones prolactin and oxytocin, so it can be concluded that Oketani massage is effective in increasing the smooth production of breast milk in postpartum mothers. Keywords: Oketani Massage, Postpartum, Breast Milk Production
PENGARUH TEKNIK MARMET TERHADAP KELANCARAN PENGELUARAN AIR SUSU IBU PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOTO BARU
Smooth milk discharge is very important for the health and development of the baby. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the marmet technique on the smooth release of breast milk in postpartum mothers in the working area of the Koto Baru Health Center. This study uses a quantitative approach method with a pre-experiment design with a research design using a one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study is all postpartum mothers in the working area of the Koto Health Center as many as 44 people. The sample in this study is 10 people. The sampling technique uses Purposive Sampling. The results of the research on the smooth production of breast milk before the marmet technique was carried out were not smooth for 10 partum post mothers (100%). And after the marmet technique was carried out, as many as 8 postpartum mothers (80%). The analysis of the statistical test of this study using the Wilcoxon test obtained a p value of 0.007 < (α < 0.05), so that it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, meaning that there is an influence of the marmet technique on the smooth release of breast milk in postpartum mothers in the working area of the new Koto Health Center, Dharmasraya Regency in 2025. It is recommended that postpartum mothers can increase their knowledge and experience in an effort to increase breast milk production so that mothers can provide optimal breastfeeding. Keywords: Smooth Breastfeeding, Postpartum, Marmet Technique
ANALISIS PENATAAN PARKIR KAWASAN PERKANTORAN PEMERINTAH KOTA PALEMBANG DI RUAS JALAN MERDEKA
The increasing population and vehicle ownership in Palembang City, particularly in the Government Office area along Jalan Merdeka, have caused significant parking shortages. This situation forces many vehicles, both from employees and visitors, to use on-street parking, which disrupts traffic flow. This study aims to analyze parking characteristics, including volume, accumulation, duration, turnover rate, parking index, current parking demand, and projections for the next five years, as well as to identify effective parking arrangement alternatives. The research method involved a five-day field survey on weekdays at three main locations, measuring existing parking capacity, recording vehicle entries and exits, and analyzing parking characteristics based on the Technical Guidelines for Parking Facility Management (Directorate General of Land Transportation, 1996). The results indicate that the existing parking capacity does not meet the standard Space Unit for Parking (SRP), with an average parking index exceeding 100% for both two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles. This condition highlights the urgent need for additional or optimized parking spaces. Recommended solutions include developing centralized parking facilities, implementing multi-story or mechanical parking systems, and applying scheduled parking management to improve efficiency and reduce congestion. Keywords : Parking, Capacity, Parking Index, On-Street Parking
ANALISIS KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN BEBAN GARDU DISTRIBUSI PASANGAN LUAR 20/0,4 KV
This study analyzes load imbalance in outdoor 20/0.4 kV distribution substations, a crucial issue in the electrical power infrastructure that can reduce system efficiency and affect the asset's health index according to PT PLN (Persero) standards. Unlike previous studies, this research comprehensively calculates the percentage of load imbalance based on field inspection data, classifies it into the substation's health index, and validates the theoretical neutral current calculations with ETAP software simulations. The main objectives of this study are to determine the percentage of load imbalance and the health index grouping after load balancing, and to measure the error value between theoretical calculations and ETAP simulations for the neutral phase current. The results show that the load balancing strategy is effective in reducing the percentage of imbalance in substations that previously had a "Poor" health index to "Fair" or "Good." Furthermore, the comparison between theoretical calculations and ETAP simulations for the neutral current shows a very small error value (0.49% - 2.09%), confirming the accuracy of the mathematical model and the reliability of ETAP as a precise analysis tool. These findings make a significant contribution to asset management and the optimization of operational efficiency in PLN's distribution system. Keywords: Neutral Current, Load Imbalance, ETAP, Health Index
ANALISIS KINERJA U-TURN DI DEPAN SUPERINDO SUKARAMI JALAN KOLONEL HAJI BURLIAN
The high volume of vehicles on Jalan Kolonel Haji Burlian in Palembang causes congestion, particularly at conflict points facilitated by median openings. The presence of Superindo Sukarami, located at the median opening at KM 9 of Jalan Kolonel Haji Burlian, has created a new congestion problem on this road segment. This issue arises due to many Superindo Sukarami visitors parking their vehicles on the roadway, as well as visitors exiting the parking area and making an immediate U-turn. This study aims to analyze traffic volume, road capacity, level of service (LOS), and provide solutions to improve U-turn performance. The research was conducted through field surveys to collect primary data from both road directions, as well as secondary data collection, which were then analyzed based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (PKJI, 2023). The analysis results show that the highest traffic volume from the Fly Over Bandara – JM Sukarami direction was 1,943.3 pcu/hour, and from the JM Sukarami – Fly Over Bandara direction was 2,214.4 pcu/hour. The calculated road capacity was 2,924 pcu/hour, resulting in a degree of saturation of 0.66 (LOS C) from Fly Over Bandara – JM Sukarami and 0.76 (LOS D) from JM Sukarami – Fly Over Bandara. By implementing proper parking arrangements and traffic management, the road segment’s performance is expected to improve. Keywords : U-Turn, Traffic Performance, Capacity, Level of Servive (LOS)
ANALISIS KINERJA SIMPANG DI JALAN H.M NOERDIN PANDJI
Jalan Baru Intersection on Jalan H.M. Noerdin Pandji, Palembang, is a signalized intersection connecting strategic areas such as shopping centers, residential zones, and access to Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport. High traffic volumes during peak hours often cause congestion, making it necessary to analyze the intersection’s performance. This study aims to assess the existing conditions and evaluate the intersection’s performance through an intersection inventory survey, classified turning movement count, and cycle time survey, supported by secondary data from relevant agencies. Analysis was conducted using peak hour traffic volume data (07:00–08:00 WIB) totaling 10,412 vehicles/hour. Results show the highest traffic volume on Jalan Pangeran Ayin at 3,662 pcu/hour and the lowest on Jalan Sako Baru at 1,375 pcu/hour. The average queue length reached 83.41 meters, with the longest queue at 120 meters. The average delay was 56.9 seconds/pcu, categorized as LOS E, indicating near-saturated flow with moderate to high delays. Overall, the intersection can still accommodate peak hour traffic, but performance is declining on certain approaches, particularly Jalan Pangeran Ayin and Jalan Sako Baru. Keywords: Intersection Performance, Traffic, LOS, Congestion, Palembang
HUBUNGAN ANTARA NILAI UNCONFINNED COMPRESSION TEST DENGAN LIQUID LIMIT (LL) DAN LIQUDITY INDEX (LI)
Clay soil is a type of soil with high plasticity whose properties are strongly influenced by water content. The consistency of clay can be represented by the Liquid Limit (LL) and Liquidity Index (LI), while its strength is commonly evaluated using the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT), which is widely applied in geotechnical analysis. This study aims to analyze the relationship between UCT values and soil consistency index parameters (LL and LI). Soil samples were taken from three different locations and compacted according to the Standard Proctor test as a reference for preparing unconfined compression test specimens. The test results show that the LL values at the three locations were 56.37%, 60.91%, and 42.43%, while LI values ranged from -0.47 to -0.04, indicating soil conditions from dense to slightly plastic. The unconfined compressive strength (qu) at the optimum water content was 14.91 kg/cm² at Location 1, 12.50 kg/cm² at Location 2, and 13.20 kg/cm² at Location 3. Correlation analysis indicates a weak relationship between qu and LL, while qu and LI exhibit a relatively high R² value. However, due to the very limited amount of data, the relationship between these parameters cannot yet be conclusively determined. Keywords: Clay soil, Unconfined Compression Test (UCT), Liquid Limit (LL), Liquidity Index (LI), Compaction
ANALISIS CAMPURAN ASPAL AC-WC PG 76 DENGAN ADDITIONAL FILLER ABU BAMBU TERHADAP STABILITAS DAN KEPADATAN ASPAL
Roads are essential land transportation infrastructure; therefore, the quality of pavement must be maintained to ensure optimal performance and service life. One approach to improving the quality of flexible pavement in the Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) layer is by utilizing alternative materials as filler. This study investigates the effect of adding bamboo ash as an additional filler in AC-WC mixtures with PG 76 asphalt on Bulk Density and Marshall Stability. Bamboo ash contains silica (SiO₂) and exhibits pozzolanic properties that have the potential to enhance mixture performance. The bamboo ash content variations used were 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by total aggregate weight. Testing was conducted using the Marshall Test method in accordance with the 2018 Bina Marga General Specifications, Revision 2. The results showed that adding 1.0% bamboo ash produced the highest Bulk Density value of 2.310 g/cc, while the highest Marshall Stability value was obtained at 0.5% with 1,168.3 kg. All mixture variations achieved residual Marshall Stability values above the minimum requirement (≥90%), with the highest value of 91.47% recorded at 0.5%. Based on the balance between density and stability, the optimal bamboo ash content as an additional filler in AC-WC PG 76 is in the range of 0.5%–1.0%.. Keywords: PG 76 asphalt, AC-WC, bamboo ash, filler, stability, density.
ANALISIS CAMPURAN ASPAL AC-BC PG 76 DENGAN ADDITIONAL FILLER ABU BAMBU TERHADAP STABILITAS DAN KEPADATAN ASPAL
This research is an experimental study aimed at investigating the effect of bamboo ash filler on the characteristics of Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course (AC-BC) using PG 76 hard asphalt. The variations of bamboo ash filler used were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% of the total filler weight. The tests conducted included the Marshall test to obtain stability, flow, VIM, VMA, VFB, and density parameters. The results indicate that the addition of bamboo ash as a filler affects the characteristics of the mixture. The stability values still meet the 2018 Bina Marga specifications (revision 3), although a decrease was observed at certain levels. Bulk density fluctuated with the addition of filler, while VIM, VMA, and VFB values changed according to the bamboo ash content. Overall, bamboo ash can be considered as an alternative filler in AC-BC mixtures, provided that the optimum content is maintained to avoid reducing the mixture’s performance Keywords: filler, bamboo ash, AC-BC, PG 76 asphalt, Marshall
PERBANDINGAN NILAI EKSPANSIF TANAH BERDASARKAN HASIL INDEX PROPERTIES DAN 1-D FREE SWELL TEST
Expansive soil is a type of soil that is susceptible to significant volume changes due to fluctuations in water content. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the expansive soil values based on the Index Properties results and the 1-D Free Swell Test with variations in bentonite mixture of 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 100%. The observed parameters include the liquid limit (LL), plasticity index (PI), and the expansion value from the 1-D Free Swell Test. The test results show that the addition of bentonite significantly increases the plasticity of the soil. The LL value increased from 56.37% at 0% bentonite to 114.33% at 100% bentonite, while the PI value increased from 34.77% to 92.72%. Based on classification, soil with a bentonite mixture ≥30% is categorized as very high. Meanwhile, the results of the 1-D Free Swell Test show a relatively small expansion variation, namely 2.91%–3.76%, with a classification of low to medium expansion potential.Effective Index Properties are used as an early indicator for the identification of expansive soil, while the 1-D Free Swell Test is more representative in describing the actual development potential in the field. Keywords: expansive soil, bentonite, index properties, free swell test
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN AIR DI KAWASAN RAWA TANJUNG SENAI KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
Water availability in swamp areas plays a crucial role in supporting community life and socio-economic activities. This study aims to analyze water availability in the Tanjung Senai swamp area, Ogan Ilir Regency. This area has extensive swampland potential, but frequently experiences fluctuations in water availability due to climate change and suboptimal water resource management. The data used in this study are secondary and primary, consisting of maximum annual rainfall data from 2012 to 2023, obtained from the Indralaya Rainfall Station. The methods used include frequency analysis, probability distributions (Normal, Log Normal, Log Pearson Type III, Gumbel), and data goodness-of-fit tests using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-Square tests. The analysis results indicate that the Normal distribution best describes the rainfall characteristics in the area. Using the design discharge from the rational method and rainfall intensity from the Normal distribution, the annual water availability volume is 172.8 million m³. These results are expected to serve as a reference for sustainable water resource management and planning in the Tanjung Senai swamp area. Keywords: Water availability, Rainfall, Lowland swamp, frequency distribution
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PEMBINAAN KEPRIBADIAN MELALUI KEGIATAN TERAPI MINDFULNESS ANAK BINAAN DI LPKA KELAS I MEDAN
This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of a personality development program through mindfulness therapy activities for juvenile inmates at the Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA) Class I Medan. The focus of the research includes how the program is implemented, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors during its execution. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The implementation framework refers to David C. Korten’s theory. Additionally, the study utilizes the concept of mindfulness. The findings show that the mindfulness therapy program has been implemented in a structured manner and addresses the psychological needs of the juvenile inmates. The program materials are adapted to the participants’ conditions and delivered by facilitators who are capable of building meaningful emotional connections. The activities encourage participants to become more focused, calm, and aware of their emotions and life experiences. Juvenile inmates demonstrated active participation, openness, and gradual changes in behavior. Key supporting factors include institutional support, facilitator commitment, and a humane approach to activities. Meanwhile, the main challenges are limited facilities, a restricted number of participants per session, and uneven understanding of mindfulness among all participants. Nevertheless, the program has made a positive contribution to the character development of the juvenile inmates and presents a promising alternative approach to psychological rehabilitation within correctional settings. Keywords: mindfulness; personality development; juvenile inmates; LPKA; program implementation.
ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI CURAH HUJAN KAWASAN TANJUNG SENAI KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
Rainfall is one of the important factors in water resource planning and management, both for social and economic aspects. The Tanjung Senai area in Ogan Ilir Regency, which is drained by the Kelekar sub-watershed, is highly dependent on water availability, especially for agriculture and settlements. This study aims to analyze rainfall distribution and determine design rainfall intensity with various return periods (5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years). The research method uses a quantitative approach with analysis of secondary rainfall data from the BMKG for 10 years (2014–2023). The analysis stages included frequency analysis, probability distribution analysis (Normal, Log Normal, Log Pearson Type III, and Gumbel), distribution suitability tests (Chi-Square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov), rainfall intensity calculations using the Mononobe method, and the preparation of a design rainfall hyetograph using the Alternating Block Method (ABM). The results show that the analysis of rainfall distribution in the Kelekar Sub-DAS indicates that the Gumbel distribution method is the most appropriate for representing extreme rainfall in the region. The rainfall intensity analysis shows that the R24 rainfall value for a 5-year return period is 169.956 mm/hour, a 10-year return period is 187.392 mm/hour, a 20-year return period is 204.118 mm/hour, a 50-year return period is 225.767 mm/hour, and for a 100-year return period is 241.989 mm/hour. Thus, the results of this study are expected to make a significant contribution to the development of sustainable environmental policies and management in the Tanjung Senai area. Keywords: Rainfall data. Rainfall intensity, Frequency distribution A. Pendahuluan
STUDI SISTEM PEMELIHARAAN REL KERETA API (STUDI KASUS : PETAK JALAN PAYAKABUNG – SERDANG)
The railway track maintenance system on the Payakabung – Serdang segment aims to identify the condition of track materials, evaluate the applied maintenance system, and analyze the Track Quality Index (TQI) as an indicator of track quality. This research applies a quantitative approach by collecting primary data on track material conditions and secondary data such as train traffic frequency, inspection schedules, and TQI values. The analysis was carried out descriptively through tables, graphs, and technical calculations.The study found several types of track damage, including defective rails (55 points), broken sleepers (27 units), loose joint bolts (60 units), installed fishplates (16 points), and ballast shortages of 200 m³ at several locations. The most dominant damages were defective rails, broken sleepers, and loose joint bolts. Based on the calculation, the line capacity reached 15,190,956 tons/year, categorized as Class II track with UIC 5 classification. The total TQI value indicates that the track condition is still in the good category, although the maintenance system tends to be more corrective than preventive.The railway track maintenance on the Payakabung – Serdang segment has been carried out through regular inspections and periodic repairs. However, preventive measures need to be improved to maintain consistent track quality and ensure the safety of train operations. Keywords: Track maintenance, railway track, Track Quality Index (TQI), Payakabung – Serdang.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINUMAN JAHE TERHADAP IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER PERTAMA DENGAN EMESIS GRAVIDARUM DI PUSKESMAS TANAH PUTIH 1 KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Nausea and vomiting (emesis gravidarum) are common symptoms experienced by pregnant women in the first trimester. These symptoms require special attention because, if not properly managed, they may progress to hyperemesis gravidarum, which can affect maternal health and fetal development. This study aims to determine the effect of ginger drink consumption on first-trimester pregnant women with emesis gravidarum in the working area of Tanah Putih 1 Community Health Center. This research used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, applying a one-group pretest–posttest model. The population consisted of first-trimester pregnant women, with a sample of 15 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was an observation sheet. The intervention was carried out over 5 days. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with a paired sample t-test. The univariate analysis showed that before being given ginger drinks, most first-trimester pregnant women experienced nausea and vomiting at a moderate frequency. After the intervention, nausea and vomiting remained in the moderate category but showed improvement. The bivariate analysis obtained a p-value < 0.05, indicating that ginger drinks had a significant effect in reducing nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. It is expected that Tanah Putih 1 Community Health Center, Rokan Hilir Regency, will improve maternal care services by applying alternative treatments to help manage emesis gravidarum in pregnant women. Keywords: Ginger drink, emesis gravidarum, first trimester pregnant women
PENGARUH KOMPRES HANGAT TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI PUNGGUNG PADA KEHAMILAN TRIMESTER III DI NAGARI KOTO PADANG WILAYAH KERJA PUKESMAS KOTO BARU
West Sumatra has 121,161 pregnant women. In Nagari Koto Padang (the working area of the Koto Baru Health Center), based on an initial survey on December 18, 2024, of 4 pregnant women in their third trimester, 3 experienced moderate back pain, and 1 did not experience back pain. Treatment of back pain in pregnant women can be done with non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is with warm compresses. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving warm compresses on reducing back pain in the third trimester of pregnancy in Nagari Koto Padang, the working area of the Koto Baru Health Center. his type of research uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design with a research design using one group pre-test post-test. This research was conducted in May 2025. The population of this study were third-trimester pregnant women who experienced back pain in Nagari Koto Padang, the working area of the Koto Baru Health Center with a sample of 10 people. Data processing was editing, coding, scoring and tabulating. Univariate analysis used the mean, standard deviation and bivariate analysis used the paired T-test. The results showed that before the intervention, 50% of respondents experienced mild pain and 50% moderate pain. After being given a warm compress, 70% did not experience pain, and 30% experienced mild pain. Statistical tests showed a p-value = 0.01, which means there was a significant effect of giving warm compresses on reducing back pain. Through the leadership of the Kuranji Community Health Center, the provision of warm compresses can be included in the Community Health Center program as a non-pharmacological treatment that can provide a positive effect in reducing back pain in the third trimester of pregnancy
STUDI EMPIRIS ATAS DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN KENAIKAN TARIF PPN TERHADAP DAYA BELI MASAYARAKAT DAN INFLASI EKONOMI DOMESTIK
This study aims to analyse the impact of the policy to increase the Value Added Tax (VAT) rate from 11% to 12% on people's purchasing power and domestic economic inflation in Indonesia. This policy was implemented in order to increase state revenue, but it has economic consequences that need to be examined empirically. The VAT rate increase directly drives up the prices of consumer goods and services, which can reduce household consumption, especially among low-income groups. In a macroeconomic context, a decline in household consumption — which accounts for more than 50% of gross domestic product (GDP) — has the potential to slow economic growth. In addition, the VAT increase also drives cost-push inflation due to price adjustments at the producer and consumer levels. Using a descriptive approach and empirical literature study, this research finds that even though the rate increase is only 1%, its impact on purchasing power and inflation is quite significant, thus requiring supporting policies to maintain economic stability and protect vulnerable groups. Keywords: VAT, purchasing power, inflation, household consumption, fiscal policy
GAMBARAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH SEWAKTU PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR PRODI DIII ANALIS KESEHATAN DI UNIVERSITAS ABDURRAB
Blood glucose levels are closely related to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease where sufferers cannot automatically regulate glucose levels in their blood. Diabetes mellitus is also a chronic disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Lack of sleep can affect the function of the endocrine system, especially in impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and reduced insulin response, so that poor sleep quality can have an impact on student health and academic achievement. The aim of this research was to determine blood glucose levels in final year students of the D-III Health Analyst study program at Abdurrab University. The method used in this research is Point Of Care Testing (POCT) which uses capillary blood samples. The research results showed that 24 respondents had normal blood glucose levels, and 6 respondents had abnormal blood glucose levels. It can be concluded that respondents who have abnormal levels are because they often consume energy drinks when staying up late, while normal respondents do not consume energy drinks. Keywords: Temporary Blood Glucose, Diabetes, Students